Four valuation case studies. Updated monthly.

How DCF, Comps, and Graham Work Together: Each valuation model captures a different perspective on intrinsic value. DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) projects future cash flows and discounts them to present value—ideal for companies with predictable earnings. Comparable company analysis looks at how similar businesses are valued in the market. Graham's formula provides a conservative, margin-of-safety approach rooted in earnings and growth. By blending these methods, we reduce the risk of any single model's blind spots.

Why Ranges Matter More Than Point Estimates: A single "fair value" number implies false precision. In reality, valuation depends on assumptions about growth rates, discount rates, and competitive dynamics—all of which are uncertain. Presenting a range (e.g., $180–$215) acknowledges this uncertainty and gives you a framework for thinking about risk/reward rather than a false sense of exactness.

How Sentiment Provides Market Context: Fundamentals tell you what a company might be worth; sentiment tells you how the market is currently behaving. A stock can trade below intrinsic value for months if sentiment is weak. Conversely, positive sentiment can push prices above fair value. We include this context not as trading signals, but to help you understand the gap between fundamental value and market pricing.

Our Approach: These case studies are educational snapshots, not recommendations. We're showing you how to think about valuation—combining multiple models, understanding ranges, and reading market context. The goal is to build your analytical intuition, not to tell you what to do.